The Factors Behind Brazilian Migration to the US
Introduction
Answering the question of what drives international migration is like, super complex, you know? Even if the answer may seem hella obvious (like, people moving to find better life opportunities elsewhere), the scientific community has been lowkey struggling to agree on how to understand the reasons behind international migration for, like, forever.
Yo, in this context, the goal of the IMD report is to flex empirical evidence on the drivers of different dimensions of international migration. The analyses presented in this study provide policymakers with an analytical framework that pulls together and makes sense of most of the existing data on migration, fam. Most importantly, and as it will be discussed in Chapter 6, it's like the foundation for predicting how migration will change in the future. The first part of this chapter is like all about the tea on the drivers of international migration, ya know? The second part spills the tea on and talks about the results of the empirical analyses. When like, thinking about how things have changed over time and in different countries for policies (Figure 19), the IMPIC data shows that asylum and family reunification policies have like, totally become more chill in the period they looked at. In the graph, you can see the vibes changing from blue (super strict) to orange (chill vibes), for each section representing different policy categories. Yo, control policies, like those aimed at securing borders and clapping down on irregular migration, have gone in the opposite direction, getting way more restrictive. Labour migration be hella geographically-marked, ya know? In Asia, Latin and North America, policies have been pretty chill, while in Europe and Oceania they got all liberalised and stuff.
What's the tea behind international migration?
The structural drivers of migration: economic factors and beyond, fam. The drivers of migration include several vibes of the migrants’ countries of origin and destination17 that either make it easy or nah for international migration movements between them. These variables include the vibes of a country of origin which may affect levels of emigration, the tea between countries which may affect the direction of migration, and the vibes of destination countries which either attract or ghost immigration to them. The choice of the variables used in the empirical analyses of this report is hella inspired and motivated by economic research from the last decade18. Yo, we're all about those structural factors of the countries of origin and destination, you know? Like, their socio-economic and demographic vibes, fam. But like, the drivers were chosen based on tech stuff too, ya know? Like, the data and quality had to be on point. OMG, like, there were hella data gaps across countries and time, so some variables couldn't even be considered, you know?
The vibe of those prepping to dip , In contrast to those just tryna dip, peeps who are prepping to bounce abroad tend to be older (Figure 16). In low income countries, peeps aged 25-29 are more likely to be prepping to bounce than those aged 15-19. In middle income countries, peeps aged 20 to 40 have, like, on average a 50% higher chance of getting ready to dip. In high income countries, peeps aged 20 to 24 are more likely to prep to dip. Being male is like, more likely to be prepping to dip outta here and move abroad, ya know? Like, being single and already a migrant are, like, more likely to be down to make moves abroad compared to being married or native born. Yo, having a squad of fam and homies overseas is like a major motivator for potential migration, for all the groups of countries.
This is like totally on par with the previous drivers of like general migration vibes between countries, ya know?
The jobless are more likely to dip and move abroad than those who already have a gig. High-key smart peeps are more likely to be prepping to bounce than those with less education, ya feel? OMG, these results totally flex that there's, like, a mad non-linear connection between income and migration prep. OMG, like in low income countries, the flex of individuals doesn't really have any stats on whether they're gonna dip and migrate. In high income countries, the rich peeps are like, so not down to migrate, while in middle income countries, the folks in the bottom quintile are like, totally the most likely to bounce, followed by those in the top quintiles (the 4th and the 5th). Most importantly, and
OMG, like according to the migration hump theory, only the boujee peeps in middle income countries can actually afford to dip out and move abroad. So obvi, they're the ones most likely to bounce. especially for fam reunification, labor migration, and control policies (since the 90s). In contrast, EU countries seem to have adopted slightly more lit asylum policies since the 2000s.
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