Why Brazilians See the US as a Land of Opportunity
Climate change and migration by Fabio Farinosi, Cristina Cattaneo, Barbara Bendandi, Marco Follador, Giovanni Bidoglio
Yo, like, climate-induced natural disasters are probs gonna make people and communities bounce, but the connection between environmental change and migration ain't, like, super obvious, ya know? In like most cases, causality connection shows up indirectly, through like loss of ag productivity, economic capital, income, and wage losses. The level of vulnerability of the population to climate-related stuff, how well they can handle it, and their ability to deal with the changing conditions, also affects how different people respond to climate problems.OMG, in dis chapter, we first flex the scholarship about the empirical evidence of climate induced migration (Table 11 in the Annex) and sum up the most relevant connections between the two phenomena. Then, we flex socio-economic and climate projections to peep the possible future trends in population exposed to climate related hazards.
Yo, like, when the temp starts rising, the rain gets scarce, droughts happen, and the land gets messed up, it's all connected to people leaving the countryside and heading to other places. This is especially true in the poorest countries. OMG, like floods and stuff are totally messing with communities and forcing them to bounce to nearby places. It's all because of climate change and stuff. The main vibes of the climate induced migrations are like, their short distance and short duration, ya know? At the same time, climate factors are probs gonna impact the conditions that make peeps wanna do long term and long distance migration. OMG in dis chapter, we first flex the scholarship bout the empirical evidence of climate induced migration and summarize the most relevant connections between the two phenomena. Then, we flex socio-economic and climate projections to peep the possible future trends in population exposed to climate related hazards. OMG, like being exposed to climate hazards doesn't automatically mean people will bounce, but we found that the already vulnerable low and lower middle income countries in Africa and Asia are gonna see a major increase in the peeps exposed to climate threats.
These findings lowkey say that regional and national institutions need to flex and put in mad effort to implement strategies that will minimize the vulnerability to environmental risks, like, boosting resilience and coping capacity, you know?
The impacts of global environmental change on population dynamics have been hella discussed (Adger et al. 2014; Berlemann and Steinhardt 2017; R. A. McLeman 2014; UNCCD 2017). OMG, like the IPCC, which was created in '88 by the WMO and UNEP, is all about giving policymakers the tea on climate change. They're saying that there could be major population moves cuz of stuff like rising sea levels and crazy weather events (Adger et al. 2014). OMG, in this context, migration was like listed as one of the potential strategies that people can use to adapt to environmental changes (Black et al. 2011; Tacoli 2009) especially in rural areas of the developing world, where the farming-based livelihoods are more likely to be affected (Dasgupta et al. 2014). Lit, right?
Estimates of the climate-induced migration have been all over the place, like 50 million peeps by 2010 (Jacobson 1988), to 78 million by 2030 (Global Humanitarian Forum 2009) and a whopping 150 - 200 million by 2050 (Myers 2002; Stern 2006). These projections have been hella talked about in the media and have majorly influenced all the public debates on environmental migration, fam. But like, they're lowkey based on problematic assumptions, ya know? Like, they totally sleep on the fact that migration decisions are influenced by multiple factors and just use the number of people who might leave an area as a way to estimate potential migrants (Ionesco et al, 2017). But like, just 'cause you're dealing with a climate hazard doesn't mean you automatically dip and migrate, ya know? OMG this could be legit when it comes to sea level rise, like it's a total irreversible thing and the peeps gotta bounce to another place, no other choice. An additional example could be like, when life gets hella tough for humans to handle cuz it's getting hotter and hotter, you know? (Pal and Eltahir 2016). OMG, like, climate factors and migration are still, like, totally up for debate and stuff. The recent lit is all, like, controversial and stuff, you know? (Berlemann and Steinhardt 2017; Wrathall et al. 2018).
These future projections should be read keeping in mind the following caveats, fam:
Like, being exposed to a climate hazard doesn't automatically mean people will bounce; how they handle it and their ability to bounce back can make them more adaptable to dealing with climate threats, ya know? Enviro change and human migration: like, not really connected tbh Like, to really get what's up with climate change and the environment messing things up, it's crucial to grasp how these things are all connected and stuff. Climate change and environmental degradation be showing up in all sorts of ways, ya know? The lit on natural hazards be talkin' 'bout fast- and slow-onset hydro-meteorological events (UNISDR 2015). OMG, slow-onset disasters are like those things that happen super slowly, you know? Like drought, desertification, and sea level rise. It's all about that gradual emergence, fam. OMG, fast-onset events come outta nowhere, like hurricanes, (flash) floods, and heat waves (UNISDR 2015). Lit AF! Environmental change is, like, totally a major reason why people bounce from one place to another, especially when the sea level starts rising. It's a big deal for folks living on small islands or near the coast 'cause they could straight up lose their land forever, you know? (Arenstam Gibbons and Nicholls 2006; Ballu et al. 2011; Robin Bronen 2015; Curtis and Schneider 2011; Hauser 2017; Marino 2012; Oliver-Smith 2011). In most cases tho, the link between
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